S-Parameter Sampling in the Frequency Domain and its Time-Domain Response

S-parameter characterization of high-speed interconnect components is prone to numerical, modeling, and/or measurement error due, in part, the sampled nature data. This a problem modern package design where extensive signal integrity simulations are required validate system's performance. article presents new method treating data criterion developed clearly state minimum number frequency points adequately represent an analog physical system domain. akin Nyquist principle when sampling time Based on this principle, proper time-domain representation S-parameters can be obtained using inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). However, order use IFFT, bilinear transformation applied vector fit place them z-domain. From z-domain, discrete impulse response obtained. A lower bound, based Heisenberg also offered deal with frequency-time resolution S-parameters. The proposed successfully tested measured and simulated usefulness accurately behavior data, i.e., delay causality, and, therefore, facilitates applications well-developed digital processing (DSP) techniques